Square-Root-NOT gate
The root NOT gate is exactly what it sounds like: the input is sent through two root NOT gates to NOT the input as the output. One advantage it has is that, unlike the NOT and CNOT gates, two root NOT gates can invert a superpositioned qubit (that is, the probabilities that the qubit will collapse to 1 is changed to the probability that that the qubit will collapse to 0) [5]. The gate is theoretically interesting because, individually, each root NOT gate seems to contradict the axiom of additivity: If you measure the qubit after only one root NOT gate, the result of the measurement is unknown [6]. This relation is diagrammed below (the gate does not have a direct equivalent in matrix form yet).
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Created by Brian Patterson
Last Modified 11/22/00